All affected offspring were shown to be carriers of a partial trisomy of chromosome 14 including the FGFR2 gene, which is associated with various dominant inherited craniofacial dysostosis syndromes in man, and partial monosomy of chromosome 8 containing MSX1 known to be associated with tooth agenesis and orofacial clefts in other species.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) <sup>C342Y/+</sup> mutation is a known cause of Crouzon syndrome that is characterised by craniosynostosis and midfacial hypoplasia.
Despite long axial lengths, shallow anterior chambers with occluded angles are possible in Crouzon syndrome and are most likely caused by FGFR2-related anterior segment dysgenesis.
These findings expand the mutation spectrum of FGFR2, and are valuable for genetic counseling in addition to prenatal diagnosis in patients with Crouzon syndrome.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR 2) gene in two Chinese families with Crouzon syndrome and to characterize the associated clinical features.
The craniofacial features in this case were in keeping with a diagnosis of Crouzon syndrome which was confirmed by molecular testing of the FGFR2 gene.
We measured the foramen magnum area (FMA) and its sagittal and transversal components: the right, left, and mean area of the jugular foramen; the posterior fossa volume; and the cerebellar volume on preoperative millimetric computed tomography scan slices in 31 children with an FGFR2 mutation (14 with Crouzon syndrome, 11 with Apert syndrome, and 6 with Pfeiffer syndrome).
Although FGFR2 mutations and polymorphisms have been reported in various ethnic groups, especially in the area of osteology, we report, for the first time, the identification of one new FGFR2 gene mutation in Chinese patients with Crouzon syndrome.
Although FGFR2 mutations and polymorphisms have been reported in various ethnic groups, especially in the area of osteology, we report, for the first time, the identification of one new FGFR2 mutation in Chinese patients with Crouzon syndrome.
Here we describe the first molecularly documented evidence of germline and somatic mosaicism for FGFR2 mutation, identified in the mother of a child with Crouzon syndrome caused by a heterozygous c.1007A>G (p.Asp336Gly) substitution.
We present the case of a child with exophthalmos in whom genetic analysis identified a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 associated with Crouzon syndrome.